A B S T R A C TThe purpose of this study is to measure the level of sustainability of residential complexes in Gorgan and to identify the impact of social capital and its dimensions on the concept of housing sustainability. The research method is descriptive and survey type. The statistical population of the research includes all the residential complexes of Gorgan city, of which 268 cases were determined using Cochran's formula as a statistical sample and were selected and studied using the two-stage cluster sampling method.. A researcher-made questionnaire with an answer package was used to collect data. Its validity was confirmed using the formal method and its reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the concept of social capital (α = 0.879) and housing sustainability (α = 0.810), respectively. The findings showed that there is a significant positive relationship between social capital and its dimensions with the dependent variable, i.e. housing sustainability variable and its four dimensions. The results showed that the integrated model in the present study was able to explain the relationship between social capital and the concept of housing sustainability to an acceptable extent. Therefore, this model can be useful for other urban areas of the countryExtended AbstractIntroductionThe home is the source and destination of all human life; and man leaves it for work and social activity, and after doing it and gaining experience, he returns home. Therefore, the category of housing is a broad and complex category that has various dimensions. This concept, in addition to the place in the physical concept, includes all the services and facilities needed by an individual or family that need it to live. To this end, housing planning requires in-depth studies in various social, cultural and historical fields. Today, the mere attention to the economy, many human, social, indigenous and cultural values have been lost in the course of these unprincipled constructions that have grown and are growing at an unprecedented rate. Hence, housing architecture does not simply mean designing or constructing space for human life; For this reason, in housing architecture, especially social housing, apart from the design of human habitation, other dimensions of human life and habitation must also be considered. Based on what has been mentioned, in our country, today most of the economic dimension and consequently a small increase in the construction and architecture of residential complexes and other dimensions of sustainable development, including social, cultural, physical and The environment is neglected. Lack of adequate housing, as housing that has the least incompatibility with the natural environment around it and in a wider area with the region and the world; it creates problems for the city and its residents. Meanwhile, residential complexes in Gorgan are no exception to this rule. Complexes that are designed with only the economic dimension in mind, the result of which is the construction of housing in different parts of the city, which has the least coordination and compatibility with other aspects of sustainable development. Given the above, the importance of the present study, attention to the principles of sustainable development and the need to create and expand social capital for human societies, in the space that was drawn is very important. MethodologyAccording to the purpose of the research and the level of data analysis, the survey method has been used to collect data. For this purpose, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to obtain information. The statistical population of the study includes all residential complexes in Gorgan. The sample size is 268 based on Cochran's logical formula. Two-stage cluster random sampling method is used. So that the statistical population is divided into clusters and homogeneous groups and then the quota of groups or clusters is determined in proportion to the frequency distribution of each cluster. In the next step, residential complexes are selected as a statistical sample from each cluster. To verify the validity of the tool, the formal validation method (referring to professors and specialists) has been used. Cronbach's alpha method was also used to determine the reliability of the instrument. Results and discussionAccording to the results of t-test, it can be said that the social capital index is not desirable. The average of social capital index is lower than the hypothetical average. This means that the amount of social capital of the residents of residential complexes in Gorgan is not at the desired level. This is if the level of stability of residential complexes in Gorgan is at a desirable level. Also, there is a significant relationship between housing sustainability and social capital. And the order of the effect of social capital variable on the dimensions of economic, social, physical and environmental sustainability. Based on the results of the probability ratio of the Chi-square value model is less than 0.01, it can be said that the regression model is a good model in which independent variables are well able to explain the changes of the dependent variable. The results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that the estimated value of the social interaction variable is equal to 1.184, which shows that assuming the effect of all model variables remains constant, an increase in the independent social interaction variable increases by 1.184 units. In logarithmic ratios, the dependent variable (housing stability) will be associated. Prioritization of the effectiveness of the studied factors indicates that the factor of formal participation has the first place in determining the sustainability of housing. After this factor, the mental class factor is in the second place, then the residential home ownership factor is in the third place. ConclusionOne of the issues that has attracted everyone's attention in recent decades is housing and its sustainable development, which is in line with human development. An important point that has been addressed in the documents of the Second Human Settlement Summit is the importance of the role of sustainable housing and the provision of adequate housing for the people in the development process. Various factors such as architectural style, climate, geography and customs are influential in housing design in different places. In the meantime, the role of social factors or in other words social capital cannot be ignored; Because social capital is rooted in the structure and social norms of society and is generally a combination of trust, communication network, social norms and social relations at the individual and community level. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to measure the social capital of residents and the sustainability of residential complexes in Gorgan. Based on the results, the four dimensions of the dependent variable are affected by the social capital variable. This means that the existence of concepts such as trust, interaction, participation, etc. in residential complexes, can provide the stability of the residential complex. As long as the residents of a complex have an effective and reciprocal relationship with each other, the stability of the residential complex is provided; Residents to protect the complex facilities, provide security, visual beauty, hygiene and cleanliness, rehabilitate or create space Green and ... will interact and participate with each other.FundingThere is no funding support. Authors’ ContributionAuthors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of InterestAuthors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

The ethical actions are important because of the priority of the mission goal and their close relationship with social progress and development. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the identification and social analysis of these types of actions among the verses of revelation and it deals with the effect of ethical actions in the production of social capital in the process of progress based on religious teachings and answers these questions based on the Quranic teachings. What impact do ethical actions (behavior) have on the formation of social progress? How do moral actions generate social capital and influence progress (development)? What coordinates, examples and dimensions does this group of actions have? What are the effects and consequences of this group of actions? Those actions that are desirable and progressive in the development of social interactions have been socially studied, analyzed and searched by using the inductive content analysis method. Honesty, trustworthiness and fulfillment of an obligation, altruism (Arabic: إیثار, self-sacrifice), asking forgiveness or istighfār (Arabic: استغفار ʾistiġfār), and forgiving others, kindness, non-violence, chastity and purity, patience and honesty and benevolent actions combined with social supervision have been discussed, which lead to sincerity, togetherness, coherence and expansion of social interactions and emotional relationships far from hatred and warm and emotional relationships and as a result, it causes the production of social capital and its improvement and will lead to the density of actions focused on purpose and excellence that are necessary for progress.

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تحولات اجتماعی در عرصه جهانی نگرش به توسعه و پیشرفت را در سطح جوامع دستخوش تغییر و تحول کرده است. امروزه برای رسیدن به توسعه همه جانبه، سازماندهی ساختار اجتماعی متفاوتی لازم است. به گونه ای که تمام نیروهای اجتماعی در این ساختار پیش بینی شود. الگوی حکمرانی خوب با چارچوب اجتماعی و سیاسی متفاوت هم جهت با این شرایط جدید است. بر این اساس سوال اصلی مقاله حاضر این است که الگوی حکمرانی خوب بر توسعه همه جانبه چگونه تاثیر گذار است؟ فرض ما در این پژوهش این است که در الگوی حکمرانی خوب با ایجاد سرمایه اجتماعی در ساختار سه گانه، خود موجب توسعه در سطوح مدیریتی، سیاسی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی می شود. بدین سان در این رویکرد دولت با ماهیت و شخصیت متمایز و سازماندهی آن بر پایه ای منطقی و تسهیل گر در شراکت و همکاری بخش های اجتماعی دیگر مانند جامعه مدنی و نهادهای عمومی غیردولتی و بخش خصوصی به ایفای نقش در توسعه می پردازد و اصلی ترین ویژگی عصر جدید و جهانی شدن که همان تمرکززدایی است در این ساختار پیش بینی می شود. لذا این پژوهش تلاش دارد با روش توصیفی – تحلیلی و با استفاده از منابع کتابخانه ای و اسنادی نشان دهد رویکرد الگوی حکمرانی خوب به عنوان یک رویکرد جدید در مطالعات توسعه بر دولت با جنبه های نهادی-سازمانی (مدیریتی) و ماهیتی (سیاسی و حقوقی) و در کنار آن بر نیروهای گوناگون اجتماعی همکار و هماهنگ با یک چشم انداز و ساختار افقی و شبکه ای تاکید دارد.

Objective: People who have higher social health can more successfully deal with the challenges and ups and downs of playing key social roles and participate more in collective activities and prevent social deviations and anomalies. In this regard, foresight and the development of a forward-looking strategy model by the media can play an important role in promoting the social health of their audience (individuals).Method: This research has been done qualitatively and quantitatively. In the qualitative phase, content analysis and Q methods were used, and in the quantitative phase, factor analysis was used to analyze the Q method data.Results: The content analysis of the media in this study showed that the most media production in the field of social deviations with 576 cases and the lowest media production in the field of violence with 237 cases. The field of social quality with 485 and the field of social issues with 312 cases are in the second and third ranks. A small questionnaire was made and based on it, the desired model was designed using PLS software. Conclusion: This model showed that the function of media is effective in promoting social health of society and can have the greatest impact on improving quality of life, reducing violence, reducing social deviations and social issues.

زمینه و هدف: ارتقاء سرمایه اجتماعی در سازمان های دولتی و به تبع آن بهبود سرمایه اجتماعی در سطح جامعه از طریق نظام مدیریت منابع انسانی این سازمان ها امکان پذیر است؛ بنابراین هدف از پژوهش حاضر ارائه مدل توسعه منابع انسانی با رویکرد ارتقاء سرمایه اجتماعی سازمانی است. روش: پژوهش به لحاظ هدف کاربردی، به لحاظ نحوه گردآوری داده ها، توصیفی-پیمایشی و مبتنی بر روش پژوهش ترکیبی (کیفی و کمّی) است. ابعاد و مؤلفه های زیرسیستم توسعه منابع انسانی که قابلیت اثرگذاری بر سرمایه اجتماعی دارد. با استفاده از روش تحلیل تم و مصاحبه با خبرگان و پالایش مدل طی دو راند دلفی با گروه دیگری از خبرگان، مشتمل بر 5 تم اصلی و 30 تم فرعی احصاء شد. در مرحله پیمایش، متغیرهای احصاء شده در قالب پرسش نامه تنظیم و در بین مدیران و کارشناسان ستاد وزارت آموزش وپرورش توزیع شد. برای رتبه بندی متغیرها از روش آنتروپی شانون و برای بررسی مطلوبیت آنها از آزمون دوجمله ای استفاده شد. یافته ها: یافته های پژوهش در بخش کیفی نشان می دهد توسعه منابع انسانی با رویکرد ارتقاء سرمایه اجتماعی دارای 5 بُعد و 30 مؤلفه است. در بخش پیمایش، قدرمطلق آماره t برای تمامی روابط بین متغیرها بزرگ تر از مقدار بحرانی 96/1 و نیز تمامی بارهای عاملی در حالت استاندارد بزرگ تر از 5/0 قرار دارند، پس هیچ یک از روابط رد نشد. نتیجه گیری: در سازمان مورد مطالعه، توسعه منابع انسانی و سرمایه اجتماعی در وضعیت مطلوبیت کم قرار دارند. از میان ابعاد توسعه منابع انسانی، بُعد مدیریت عملکرد بیشترین تأثیر را بر سرمایه اجتماعی سازمانی دارد و توسعه منابع انسانی از طریق بُعد ارتباطی سرمایه اجتماعی، بیشترین اثرگذاری را به همراه دارد.

این مقاله به بررسی و مقایسه اثرات سرمایه انسانی و سرمایه اجتماعی بر رشد اقتصادی می پردازد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان می دهد که تاثیر کاهش سرمایه اجتماعی بر رشد اقتصادی، منفی و معنادار، در حالی که تاثیر سرمایه انسانی، معنادار نیست. همچنین پسماند رشد اقتصادی که بیانگر آن مقدار از رشد اقتصادی که بیانگر آن مقدار از رشد اقتصادی است که توسط عوامل تولید تبیین نمی شود. دارای رابطه منفی و کاملا معنادار با کاهش سرمایه اجتماعی بوده ولی سرمایه انسانی تاثیر معناداری بر رشد اقتصادی ندارد. به هر حال هر چند معیارهای اندازه گیری سرمایه انسانی و سرمایه اجتماعی ممکن است تا حدودی ساده باشند، ولی نتایج به دست آمده می تواند درخور توجه باشد.

A B S T R A C TToday, all officials involved with the challenges of city sustainability have accepted the idea of a smarter city, using more technologies, creating better living conditions and protecting the environment for a better quality of life. The central part of the metropolis of Tabriz is based on Region 8 and part of Region 10, a historical-cultural area with an area of 286 hectares and a population of about 40 thousand people in 8 neighbourhoods. This research was compiled to evaluate and explain the regeneration of the central part of Tabriz city with the approach of smart growth and in line with the sustainable development of problematic neighbourhoods in the 8th district of Tabriz metropolis. The present review is methodologically practical, to describe and analyze the goals of regeneration based on library studies. The statistical population of the research includes experts and people living in the central context. In the first part, the Delphi method was used by asking experts. In the second part, the structural equation method of SPSS and AMOS software is used. According to the results of using the scales of design, pedestrian-oriented, intergenerational justice in the actual situation and 3 indicators of management and productivity, stable and value-creating jobs are in the potential situation. Also, two environmental indicators with the most direct and indirect effects and a cultural index have been decisive in the regeneration with the smart growth approach in the central part of Tabriz city. Therefore, in the regeneration of the central part, the studied indicators should be used simultaneously and integrated into the reconstruction projects of the central fabric of the city to lead to smart sustainabilityExtended AbstractIntroductionSmart growth is considered a lever for revitalizing neighborhoods and urban centers. In a general scenario of smart growth, knowing the time and resources of investment provides a new and sustainable life in the city center and worn-out and old textures. Moreover, finally, it will improve the quality of urban neighborhoods, especially worn-out ones, and revive them. Tabriz metropolis, one of the most important and largest cities in the country, with a long history of settlement, especially the central and old texture, due to developments in information and communication technology, extensive environmental, social, and economic changes in terms of time requirements, the traditional texture of roads, Deterioration of residential units, lack of equipment, infrastructure and urban services and environmental problems have caused the failure and physically turned into inefficient and problematic textures. Urban planning and development science must adopt a new decision and approach to face the existing and complex issues of worn-out texture. The main problem of the research is to evaluate and explain the regeneration of the central texture and strengthen them in line with the sustainable development of the problematic neighborhoods of Tabriz metropolis according to the solutions and principles of smart urban growth. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to answer the following question:- What are the effective indicators and components in the regeneration of the central texture of Tabriz metropolis with a smart growth approach? MethodologyThis research is applied and fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical. The collection methods are based on documentary and library studies, surveys, and interviews. In the first part, qualitative data was prepared with an open questionnaire and through interviews, as well as the review of documents and quantitative data used in this research numerically and through the weighting of Delphi questionnaires based on the consensus index model to determine importance, certainty, and priority. The panel members were 19 people (including 5 university faculty members, 7 field research experts, 4 executive experts, and 3 graduate students) selected based on the non-probability (targeted) method. In the second part, Cronbach's alpha method was exerted to measure the reliability of the questions, which was obtained as 0.89. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, the Lawshe method was exploited. The statistical population of the second part includes District 8 of Tabriz, which is the central texture of the city and is equal to 34,231 people. According to Cochran's formula, the sample size was equal to 379 people. Results and discussionIn the next step, path analysis was performed using AMOS 23 software to compare the integrated model with the hypotheses. The results of the path analysis, while verifying the structures, show that the value of the index of the critical ratio to the degree of freedom (CMIN/DF) is equal to 4.01, which is an optimal value for the model fit. Also, the goodness of fit index (GFI) is 0.952, which indicates the acceptability of this amount for the optimal fit of the model. The value of the root means the square error of estimation (RMSEA) is 0.065, which is acceptable because it is smaller than 0.08 and indicates the confirmation of the research model. Also, the Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) is 0.917, the comparative fit index (CFI) is 0.92, and the normalized parsimonious fit index (PNFI) is 0.882, which all indicate that the fit and verification of the research model are desirable.Therefore, none of the objects are removed and remain in the model. Therefore, it is confirmed that the factor structure of regeneration indicators with the smart growth approach has reliability and construct validity. Also, the second-order factor analysis shows that the factor loadings of all regeneration indicators with the smart growth approach are greater than 0.4 and are significant at the 95% probability level. According to the results, the environmental dimension with a factor loading of 0.94 has the most significant effect on urban regeneration with the smart growth approach in the central texture of Tabriz city. After that, quality of life with a factor loading of 0.92, social dimension with a factor loading of 0.88, economic dimension with a factor loading of 0.83, physical dimension with a factor loading of 0.81, transportation dimension with a factor loading of 0.74 and cultural dimension in order with a factor loading of 0.72, are in the following ranks.According to the final structural model results, the environmental index has the highest value, with a direct effect of 0.594 and an indirect effect of 0.275. Moreover, after that, respectively, the quality of life index with a direct effect of 0.513 and an indirect effect of 0.236, a social index with a direct effect of 0.476 and an indirect effect of 0.217, an economic index with a direct effect of 0.451 and an indirect effect of 0.222, Physical with the direct effect of 0.435 and indirect effect of 0.205, mobility index with the direct effect of 0.373 and indirect effect of 0.182 and cultural index with the effect of direct values of 0.295 and indirect effect of 0.153 are influential in regeneration with smart growth approach in the central part of Tabriz city. ConclusionIn this research, seven main indicators related to the subject were investigated. The results showed that the environmental index with the most significant direct and indirect effect is the focus of the evaluation. After that, dimensions and indicators of quality of life, social index, economic index, physical index, mobility index, and cultural index have been influential. According to the results, the urban environment index was analyzed as the most important factor at a high level, and this means that for urban regeneration with a smart growth approach, improving the environmental and physical conditions in the worn-out and central texture of Tabriz city in the current situation is a priority. It is first. This is the most well-known part of regeneration with a smart growth approach. The analysis results show that this is not the case only in the case of transportation infrastructure. However, more comprehensive urban infrastructure such as the urban landscape, open spaces, green and parks, etc. are also crucial in improving the physical conditions of the infrastructure. Also, this study's results show that the economic sector's importance is as important as improving the physical conditions of the infrastructure. In addition, in the worn-out texture of District 8 of Tabriz city, the sociocultural sector is essential, and the revival of historical and cultural resources is considered one of the urban regeneration options. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.  Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to all the scientific.

در عصر حاضر که تمامی کشورها برای رسیدن به ثبات و ارتقای خود می کوشند، تردیدی نیست که توسعه به عنوان یکی از بنیانهای باثبات، در برنامه ریزی همه کشورها قرار می گیرد و مانند فراگردی جامع با ابعاد اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و سیاسی، مستلزم تغییرات اساسی در ساخت اجتماعی، طرز تلقی عامه مردم، نهادهای ملی، تسریع رشد اقتصادی، کاهش نابرابری و ریشه کن کردن فقر مطلق بوده و به عنوان راهبرد و مدلی متعالی مطرح می شود، اما اینکه چگونه این فراگرد در یک جامعه به منصه ظهور می رسد، اولین مساله ای است که نیازمند پژوهش و طرح مطالعاتی خاص است و به عنوان دغدغه ای اساسی، نگارندگان این نوشتار را بر ان داشته تا به ان پاسخ علمی دهند. به نظر می رسد برای پاسخگویی به سوال فوق، بایستی به تبیین پیش شرط های اساسی توسعه پرداخت که در این راستا سرمایه اجتماعی دارای اهمیت ویژه ای است. سرمایه اجتماعی عبارت است از مفاهیمی چون اعتماد، هنجارها و شبکه هایی که موجب ایجاد ارتباط و مشارکت بهینه یک اجتماع می گردد و در نهایت منابع متقابل انان را تامین خواهد کرد. این شاخصه ای است که به دلیل پیامدهای خرد و کلان خود، چنان با ابعاد توسعه آمیخته گشته که به عنوان عاملی اجتناب ناپذیر از ملزومات توسعه محسوب می گردد، اما انچه که به عنوان مساله دوم مطرح است، این است که چگونه سرمایه اجتماعی با فرایند توسعه مرتبط می گردد و به عنوان یکی از عوامل تاثیرگذار آن معرفی می شود؟ بدیهی است که تکوین سرمایه اجتماعی مستلزم وجود عواملی چند است که یکی از ان عوامل دین و فرهنگ دینی است. به نظر می رسد که دین به عنوان ارزشی متعالی با کارکردهایی چون انضباط بخشی، حیات بخشی، انسجام بخشی و … ساز و کارهایی را موجب می شود که در قالب انها سرمایه اجتماعی شکل می گیرد و پایه های تحکیم توسعه فراهم می شود. بنابراین، رابطه دین و سرمایه اجتماعی نیز سومین مساله ای است که به دلیل وجود چشم  انداز دینی توسعه در جامعه کنونی ایران ، رابطه دین و سرمایه اجتماعی نیز از منظر تاثیری که دین بر فرایند توسعه دارد حایز اهمیت است و برای روشن شدن ان شایان بررسی و تحلیل است. هدف تحقیق حاضر بر اساس بررسی شیوه مطالعات اسنادی و پیمایشی ارایه رهیافتی است که در قالب ان از یک سو دین به عنوان نظامی کثیرالاجزا از طریق ابعاد متعدد خود (اعتقادی، عاطفی، مناسکی، شناختی و پیامدی) فعلیت سرمایه اجتماعی را محقق می کند و از سوی دیگر سرمایه اجتماعی نیز چونان پدیده ای نیرومند از طریق سطوح ماهوی (ایجاد شبکه های اعتماد و پیوند سست و نیرومند کنشگران) و سطوح صوری و پیامدی (انجمن های داوطلبانه و هنجارهای دستوری)، زمینه ایجاد توسعه اجتماعی و فرهنگی پایدار را فراهم می اورد. روش شناسی 1- روش اسنادی (Documetary method) که در آن به مطالعه کتب، مجلات و مقالات مرتبط پرداخته شده است. 2- روش پیمایش (Survey method) که به مطالعه «آنچه که هست» می پردازد و در این راستا با تنظیم و ارایه پرسشنامه به دانشجویان دانشگاه اصفهان، رابطه بین دینداری و سرمایه اجتماعی آنها سنجیده شده است.

هدف از انجام این تحقیق ارائه مدل توسعه سرمایه اجتماعی بواسطه داوطلبی در ورزش دانش آموزی بوده است. پژوهش حاضر بر اساس هدف از نوع تحقیقات کاربردی و برحسب گردآوری اطلاعات اکتشافی و با استفاده از نظریه داده بنیاد (اشتراوس و کوربین) انجام شد. جامعه آماری کلیه اساتید، کارشناسان و متخصصان و اساتید خبره فعال در حوزه مدیریت ورزشی و فعال در حوزه ورزش دانش آموزی ایران بودند و از روش نمونه گیری هدفمند نظری (17 نفر) و بر اساس معیار اشباع نظری استفاد شد. ابزار گردآوری داده ها مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته بود. داده های جمع آوری شده با استفاده از کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی تجزیه وتحلیل شدند و مدل نهایی استخراج گردید. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده عوامل علی در مقوله های ارزش اجتماعی داوطلبی دانش آموز، اوقات فراغت و سرگرمی، کارکرد داوطلبی ورزشی و پیش گیری از انحرافات و مفاسد اجتماعی ؛ شرایط زمینه ای در بستر اقتصادی، بستر ساختاری-قانونی و بستر مدیریتی؛ عوامل مداخله گر در دو بعد موانع و تسهیل گرها؛ راهبردها در عواملی همچون مناسب سازی اماکن ورزشی، سیاست گذاری کلان، تخصیص اعتبارات و منابع مالی، مدیریت نیروهای داوطلب، ترویج و اشاعه فرهنگ داوطلبی، مشارکت فعال و مسمتر دانش آموزان در رویدادهای ورزشی و در نهایت پیامدها در پنج بعد فردی، اجتماعی، تحصیلی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی احصا شده اند. توجه و زمینه سازی برای شرکت فعال دانش آموزان در فعالیت های داوطلبی ورزشی منجر به رشد اخلاقی و تحصیلی، دانش اندوزی و هم چنین لذت بردن از زندگی در سایه ی ارتباط با دیگران می شود و رفتار فرد در روابط اجتماعی بهبود پیدا می کند.